This chapter provides guidance on the technical measures for the prevention, control and mitigation of major accidents.
For each type of system/unit operation, all the main failure modes are identified. For each failure mode, the relevant technical measures are identified, and links are provided to Technical Measures documents which describe the measures in more detail. Alternatively, the Technical Measures documents may be accessed directly.
Systems/unit operations
- Absorption/adsorption/stripping columns
- Bulk storage
- Crushing/grinding
- Distillation columns
- Drum/cylinder storage handling
- Dryers
- Furnaces/boilers
- Heat exchangers
- Mixing
- Pipework
- Pumps
- Road/rail tanker on/off-loading
- Reactors
- Refrigeration
- Ship on/off-loading
- Warehouse storage
Measures documents
- Active / passive fire protection
- Alarms / trips / interlocks
- Control room design
- Control systems
- Corrosion / selection of materials
- Design codes - buildings / structures
- Design codes - jetties
- Design codes - pipework
- Design codes - plant
- Drum / cylinder handling
- Earthing
- Emergency isolation
- Emergency response / spill control
- Explosion relief
- Hazardous area classification and control of ignition sources
- Inerting
- Inspection / Non-Destructive Testing (NDT)
- Leak / gas detection
- Lifting procedures
- Maintenance procedures
- Operating procedures
- Permit to work systems
- Plant layout
- Plant modification / change procedures
- Quench systems
- Raw materials control / sampling
- Reaction / product testing
- Reliability of utilities
- Relief systems / vent systems
- Roadways / site traffic control / immobilisation of vehicles
- Secondary containment
- Segregation of hazardous materials
- Site security
- Training
- Warning signs