Crushing hazards
Crush points exist when two objects move toward each other, or when one object moves toward a stationary object.
Types of machinery
- Reciprocating mechanisms, eg grain cleaners, box fillers, hop presses, baler needles
- Hydraulically raised equipment, eg trailers and rear doors, telescopic handler booms, combine headers
- Trailed machines with drawbars, eg trailers, balers, manure spreaders
- Linkage mounted machinery stability, eg post drivers, sprayers, fertiliser spreaders
Operator errors
- Reaching into or entering crush areas with the machine operating
- Incorrectly hitching tractors to implements and trailers
- Failing to support machinery during repairs or maintenance
Design points
- Protect crush points so that workers cannot get their arms or hands trapped. This involves allowing adequate clearance around the moving parts.
- Prevent access to crush points using fixed guards or interlocked guards.
- Provide check valves and mechanical supports for hydraulic equipment that are easy to use from outside the danger area
- Ensure drawbar jacks and stands can support the machine in all conditions of use.
- Provide stabilisers for unbalanced machines when they are de-mounted.
- Removable devices should be stored on the machine in a safely accessible place when they are not needed.
Operator instructions and training
Instructions for using this type of machinery must include clear guidance on:
- Controls
- Safe maintenance
- Relevant training, eg Lantra qualification and accreditation
Find out more
- Standard BS EN 349 Minimum gaps to avoid crushing parts of the human body - offers guidance on the distances required around moving parts to safeguard against crushing hazards.
- Standard BS EN ISO 4254-1 Agricultural machinery safety – General requirements
How to obtain copies of British, European and International standards.